Managing Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Diversity - Essay Example has emerged within the past 20 years and spawned from the equal opportunity act which was promulgated in the workforce by the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. This law extended voting rights and outlawed racial segregation in the schools, housing or hiring practices. With the passage of this act, American organizations began to hire new employees from different races, ethnic backgrounds and religions into sectors they were once excluded from. There is an undeniable difference between diversity and equal opportunity. Equal opportunity employment has deep historical roots. The law was enacted after years of unfair practices in different sectors denied equal opportunities simply based upon a person’s race, gender or national origin. The passing of this law developed a definition for minorities and now prohibits discrimination based upon a person’s age, gender, religion, sex, race, color or national origin. Diversity promotes accepting individual differences. The business ideals of diversity states that inclusion of a diverse workforce better equip a company to thrive in a marketplace. Exclusion of a diverse approach isolates demographics and limits perspectives. An example of such an implementation of diversity is the inspirational movie Glory Road. The 1966 college basketball team base on the Texas Westerns won the NCAA championship while promoting diversity. Don Haskins, the first year coach of the team, pioneered diversity by recruiting players deemed best for the positions and sidestepping traditional hiring practices. The hiring of the new folks in nontraditional roles is an exemplary example of the advantages of diversity. The team put racial differences aside and worked collectively to attain the coveted championship prize. Peter F. Drucker, author of â€Å"The Theory of the Business† (1995: 100) reveals that a valid theory of business suggests that the assumptions about environment, mission and core competencies must fit reality.. Over

Case study 2-2 Essay Example for Free

Case study 2-2 Essay Case Project 2-2 I would determine whether an investigation is required for this type of situation. I would make am initial assessment about the case that I will be investigating. Meanwhile, determining the type a design of approach for this particular case. I would then estimate the time of each step, when the check was issued and as the amount. I would ask Jonathan to interview the other individual who has access to the company’s accounting program. I would review the company computer as well as the accounting program and see if there are any significant documents; which would including the company checkbook and ledger, as well as contact the bank for the most current bank statement. Any type of information pertaining or related to that particular check, which was issued during that time. However, if cleared, then further investigation has to be done. I would examine that employee’s email for anything suspicious as well as surveillance cameras within that office. I would also study the suspects work habits as well. I would ask Jonathan to locate and itemized any details of the subcontractor’s job amounting to $10,750 and the facts of the check for the amount $12,750. I would try to find the facts of the $2,000 difference, if available by comparing bank statements, and the accounting program. I will inform him to be very watchful of any relevant information that may eventually be evidence in this type of criminal case, which could be employee theft or embezzlement. If this other person beside Jonathan is involved in this crime and not being an  accounting error, has taken place, I would recommend Jonathan to allow me to further my investigation with this company.

Birth Control: Past and Present :: Contraceptives, Birth Control Essays

Contraceptive techniques have been traced back to Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome. The modern movement of birth control began in Great Britain where the writings of Thomas Robert Malthus stirred interest in the problem of overpopulation. The first birth control was founded in 1878 in Amsterdam by a woman called Aletta Jacobs. Aletta and Margaret Sanger were advocates of birth control so they were trying to develop clinics and promote birth control. In 1914, Margaret Sanger was arrested for publishing information about birth control in her magazine Women Rebel. She became America’s most influential advocate of birth control in the 1910’s. In 1921, another birth control advocate named Marie Stopes, along with the Malthusian League, established a birth control in London. In the United States, the first birth control clinic was opened in 1916 by Margaret Sanger in New York. The clinic was soon closed, but the police and Margaret received a thirty-day jail sentenc e. Soon after, in 1917 she helped organize the National Birth Control League, but in 1921 it became known as the American Birth Control League. Later, in 1942 it became the notorious Planned Parenthood Federation of America and in 1961 the Planned Parenthood World Population. Throughout the 1940’s and 1950’s birth control advocates were engaged in numerous legal suits. In 1965, Connecticut was one of the only states that prohibited the use of contraceptives. It wasn’t until 1967, when the federal government became being more active in the birth control movement. Six percent of the funds of the Child Health Act were set aside for family planning. In 1970, the family planning services and Population Act provided separate funds to support birth control. The first country to provide government assistance for birth control was Sweden. In Japan, the birth control programs helped reduce dramatically the birthrates. Birth control and sex education in schools continue to be emotional issues in the United States, where teen pregnancy and sexual activity rates are high. The Roman Catholic Church has provided the main opposition to the birth control movement. The practice of contraception is to limit reproduction.

Projected Total Sales of Sundance Direct Sales Essay

Introduction Billboards, signage and eye-catching advertisement paraphernalia of different direct selling companies are sprouting everywhere, either local or international. Many companies established names and compete to prolong their standing in the business world. Defined in businessdictionary.com, direct selling is a face to face presentation, demonstration, and sale of products or services, usually at the home or office of a prospect by the independent direct sales representatives. Direct Selling contributes greatly on the economic development of the country; it manifests the Filipino spirit of enterprise and self-reliance. This industry gains greater popularity today than its early years. One of the popular direct selling companies in the Philippines is Sundance Direct Sales (Footworks Marketing Corporation). It was established on August 1999. Before they came with the business’ name, they first thought of fancy Italian names but they had decided on an original and easily remembered name- SUNDANCE. It was originated from the Hollywood movie, Butch Casedy and the Sundance Kid. Mr. Peter Yu is the managing director of Sundance Direct Sales. It is a fashion clothing and shoe retailing company with wide expertise in manufacturing industry. This company is engaged in selling of clothes, shoes, bags, cosmetics, accessories and infant and children lines. Currently, it is partnered with Maybelline New York, Afficionado and I2I eyewear. In its 12 successful years of existence, it has approximately 500,000 dealers and continuously increasing. It produced 16 branches and 400 local outlets nationwide. The mission of Sundance Direct Sales in helping fellowmen is to bring standard of excellence to all parts of the world. In lieu of their mission, they have reached and served international countries such as HongKong,  Dubai, UAE, Qatar, Oman, Abu Dhabi, Singapore. Sundance Direct Sales is an industry that continuously progressing, competing and creating new styles of fashion, awarding them as the Best Direct Selling brand of Apparel. Methodology Many business organizations used tools or techniques, like quantitative forecasting, that helped them determine the possible result of the business operation in the future. Quantitative forecasting technique bases its forecast from past data. This tool helps the manager or the decision maker to accomplish their organizational goals. Specifically, if a company has the record of its past 30-year sales, then it can project the sales for the next year and this may help him to determine the inventory levels, scheduling of production and the like. However either quantitatively or qualitatively, forecasting is not 100% certain; it has uncertainties so we need to measure the accuracy of the forecast. Forecast accuracy can be measure by MAD (mean absolute deviation) MSE (mean square error) and MAPE (mean absolute percentage error); the best model depends on the measure. The goal of this study is to project the total sales for one of the Sundance branches –Calamba -2011 so that the branch manager can have preparations in their inventory levels. In order to get the projected total sales of Sundance Direct Sales Calamba branch in 2011, time-series regression and smoothing linear trends were used. Time-series regression is the process of estimating the relationship between two variables- in our case time and sales per month. Smoothing linear trends is just the same with simple smoothing however the intercept and the slope of the trend line are continually adjusted in each period. Two methods were used for comparative purposes. The data were also tested for occurrence of seasonality. MAD was used to evaluate the forecast accuracy since most of the errors were too large. It weighted the errors equally. MSE is not advisable for this kind of problem because it will result to a very large number. The data collected was a 3-year monthly sales of the Sundance Direct Sales Calamba branch for the years: 2008, 2009 and 2010. The sales representative allowed the author to have the data with proper and legal consent. A hard copy of the data is handed down to the author (Appendix A). To analyze the data for occurrence of seasonality, the data were graphed first. In figure 1 is an illustration of the comparison of the sales in the three years of operation of Sundance Direct Sales –CALAMBA. Figure 1.Monthly Sales of Sundance Direct Sales – Calamba in 2008, 2009 and 2010. Seasonal time series repeats over a specific period such as day, monthly, quarterly or yearly. According to Levin, to determine seasonality two questions must be satisfied. First, are the peaks and troughs consistent? Looking back to Figure 1, there are peaks and troughs in year 2009 and year 2010 that are consistent but if you look at year 2008 it did not follow those peak and troughs. Second, there is an explanation for the seasonal pattern? Since there is no consistency in the trends of the data points, then we will not answer this question anymore. Both questions were not satisfied so we can say that the data didn’t exhibit seasonality. We can now proceed in forecasting the sales using the two methods mentioned earlier. Forecasting models are evaluated by dividing the samples into two parts: warm-up samples and forecast samples. Warm-up samples are used to fit the forecasting model while forecast samples are for testing the model. In a long time series, data are divided into half. Using time-series regression, warm-up samples – periods 1-18 –was used to get the equation the best-fitting trend line. Using the data in Appendix B, it was determined that the equation for the best-fitted line is  Ft = 2340883.46 + 3800.51(t) .

Homework Essay

Chapter 18 p534 1.What is the key assumption of the basic Keynesian model? Explain why this assumption is needed if one is to accept the view that aggregate spending is a driving force behind short-term economic fluctuations. The Keynesian model shows how fluctuations in planned aggregate expenditure can cause actual output to differ from potential output. This method is necessary because if it were not used companies would have to change prices every time there was a possible change in demand or quantity shift in inventory. With this method short term economic flux can happen when the a company does shift their price to meet demand. 3. Define planned aggregate expenditure and list its components. Why does planned spending change when output changes relatively infrequently. What accounts for the difference? This is a total planned spending on goods and services including; consumption, investment, government purchases and net ports. If spending change happens infrequently then added goods go into inventory causing company to spend capital on invested inventory. Consumption function accounts for the difference between changes in expenditure. Chapter 19 1. Why does the real interest rate affect planned aggregate expenditure? Give examples. Because the raising or lowering affects the cost of borrowing, which affects consumption and planned investment (which all is a part of aggregate expenditure). If the Fed raises rates the housing market will slow down buying. If the Fed lowers rates more people are likely to buy homes and refinance. 2. The Fed faces a recessionary gap. How would you expect it to respond? Explain step by step how its policy change is likely to affect the economy. The Fed’s position is to eliminate output gaps and maintain low inflation. To eliminate a recessionary output gap, the Fed will raise the real interest rate.

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is the vi Essays

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is the vi Essays Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is the vision of Dr. Albert Ellis. Dr. Ellis, 1913 - 2007, received his masters and doctorate from Columbia University in psychology . Dr. Ellis is no stranger to mental illness nor the effects that mental illness on the family unit. Dr. Ellis's described his mother as "self-absorbed with bi-polar disorder" and his father as "emotionless and distant" . Dr. Ellis parent's inattention positioned him in the role of primary caregiver for his younger brother and sister despite his fragility. Dr. Ellis reported being hospitalized eight times between the ages of five and seven . Despite his shortage of parental support, Ellis did not permit his adversities to alter his disposition. Like most psychologists, Dr. Ellis's early training originated with psychoanalytic perspective. The techniques and focus of psychoanalytic theory left many unanswered questions for Ellis on efficacy and scientific premise on psychoanalytic therapy . Dr. Ellis believed that therapy should have scientific foundation to increase the validity of psychotherapy (Ellis, 1999). During his early career, Ellis critiqued the validity and reliability of personality tests concluding that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was the only valid instrument based on research . During the early portion of his career, Ellis utilized psychoanalytic techniques with his clients despite the lingering questions he possessed on efficacy and scientific premise. He sought a more effective interactive alternative means aid his clients. This initiated his pursuit for new methods and techniques focused on efficacy. Ellis noticed that most of his clients labeled as neurotic shared irrational thinking . Ellis observed most individuals are aware of their irrational thoughts but continue to maintain the irrational thoughts even though they are unreasonable . Focusing on irrational thinking, Ellis combined psychoanalytic and behavioral methodologies to form rational therapy . Rational thinking is subjective. What one person considers rational, another may consider irrational. Ellis defines rational as effective cognition. The problem with RT was RT implied rational thinking as logical cognition so Ellis elected to change the name to rational emotive therapy with aspirations of encompassing cognitive and emotive processes. Dr. Ellis changed rational therapy to rational emotive therapy in 1961 . Ellis believed a problem remained even after the name change, rational emotive therapy did not clearly indicate the relationship Ellis imagined. Ellis, again, changed the name in 1995 to rational emotive behavior therapy stressing the reciprocal collaboration between cognition, emotion, and behavior . The premise of REBT is it's not the unfortunate or traumatic event/action that causes increase emotion in individual's but it's the individuals beliefs that increases emotions . Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is a form of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) which stresses individuals have the capacity to become completely rational, which is innate due to biologically factors, implying most persons have the ability to construct rational wishes and preferences but free-will permits individuals to transfer their wishes and preferences into rigid doctrines . Ellis examined individual's environment, personality, and concluded that learned behaviors, the need to assimilate, and traumatic or unfortunate events help foster irrational thinking in individual's . We develop learned behaviors across our lifespan, which anchor our values, beliefs, morals, and goals. Some learned beliefs convert into "shoulds, oughts, and musts or SOM's" . When we convert our SOM's into needs, we create irrational dogmas. Ellis defined individuals presenting complaint(s) as irrational belief(s) about self, others, and the world (SOW) as the three musts' . Ellis categories the three musts' into three board must categories: "I must achieve outstandingly well in one or more important respects ; Other people must treat me fairly and well or they are bad people!"; "Conditions must be favorable or else my life is rotten and I can't stand it" . When any or all of the musts' statements apply, emotional and/or behavioral disturbances occur. REBT teaches individual's that SOM's are demands not needs and if SOM's are not received or acquired, the world will not end. For example, "If I can't play professional football, I will become an accountant" versus "If I can't play professional football, my life will be over." REBT emphasizes the separation of behavior from the person. For example, "I did a bad thing" rather than "I am a bad

Night Mare essays

Night Mare essays This book is called Night Mare. It is written by Piers Anthony. In this book, the nextwave of barbarian warriors invade a place called Xanth ravaging and destroying as they advanced. But a Mare named Imbrium has her own problems. She has started to mishandle her job of delivering bad dreams. Now the Night Stallion dismissed her, Piers Anthony is the pen name of Piers Anthony Dillingham Jacob. He was born on August 6th, 1934 in Oxford England. He has written over 100 novels in the genres of science fiction, fantasy, horror, and martial arts. Some of his other books include, Split In Xanth, deserving people receive nightmares. They are delivered by Night Mares from the gourd. The gourd resembles a Mundane squash with a hole on the surface. If one peeps into the hole, they become entranced into the gourd. Their body stays outside, but their soul goes into the land of the gourd. The only way to be released, is if someone blocks the victims view of the peephole. Inside the gourd there are several sections, the graveyard, the city of Brassies and all kinds of spooky stuff. When you go into the gourd and then leave, when you look at the peephole again it takes you right back to the place you left. Inside the gourd is where nightmares are made. Nightmares are each constructed for each individual who is to receive it. People must have nightmares. If they didnt, they wouldnt have any consciences. Nightmares make you a better person. The Night Stallion is in charge of the gourd. He assigns the nightmares to the Night Mares who deliver the bad dreams all over Xanth and sometimes Mundania. Night Mares are solid black and are immortal. They phase out in the darkness and travel all night delivering nightmares. You ...