The Use Of Lichen And Its Effect On The Environment

Lichens are widely distributed in many different areas and can be found inhabited within harsh habitats such as dry arid hot deserts and freezing mountain tops. Environmental factors such as temperature, sun exposure levels, and the pH levels of soil influence the growth of Lichens. Their natural structure and symbiotic relationship with fungus and a photosynthetic partner has given these organisms the ability to survive such harsh and exposed environments. Their ability to absorb substances and minerals dissolved in rain and dew has also enabled Lichen to live and survive in such extreme areas, but this ability has had the effect of making them very sensitive to pollutants in the air; and therefore cannot survive in polluted areas such as the city because of automobile traffic such as cars, and industrial activity. Lichen can be found growing within soil, on the surface layer of rocks, and most commonly, they are found growing on the bark of trees (Raven et al. 2010, p. 626-627). The graph above shows that the south aspect of most of the trees in Campbelltown Campus had the greatest surface area of lichen coverage on the tree trunk, compared to the other aspects (east, north and west). The east aspect had the second highest average cell count of lichen coverage. The north and west aspects had a similar cell count which varied by a small amount, with the north aspect having the lowest amount of lichen coverage, and the west being the second lowest. The results did notShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Air Pollution On The Environment1198 Words   |  5 Pagesbio-indicator called a lichen. Lichens consist of two organisms, a fungi and a cyanobacteria (algae) which grow symbiotically. Lichens while they grow symbiotically their relationship of interaction can be described as mutualism. Three basic types of lichens include foliose, crustose, and fruticose. Lichens are durable and can grow in harsh environments where there is little or no soil. Lichens can tolerate severe temperatures both hot and cold. Despite their durability lichen are not impervious, manyRead MoreThe Effects Of Pollution On The Environment1636 Words   |  7 PagesOur environment nowadays is becoming more polluted by the second. There are several types of pollution in the atmosphere: Air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and many more. It is corroding away our trees and contaminating our water. People take no interest in looking after the environment bec ause they cannot see the effects it is causing the earth. Pollution is becoming dangerously high and it is beginning to affect wildlife. Due to the water being contaminated, they have no safe drinkingRead MoreEvaluation of cumulative air pollution in Riga and Liepaja with Cumulative Pollution Index method1944 Words   |  8 Pagesambient air. It is a significant risk factor for multiple health conditions including lung cancer, respiratory and heart diseases. Therefore it is important to keep up with latest data about actual air quality to react timely and initiate appropriate environment management procedures when pollution levels rise to high (Snyder et. al, 2013). For this purposes, air quality monitoring is carried out. It is regular and continuous collecting of information about air quality to prevent with pollution associatedRead MoreLab 3 Biodiversity2005 Words   |  9 Pagesaffected by the missing species for each round of the demonstration. a. Round 1 = white bead representing lichens. Our laboratory reading for the experiment stated that lichens are instrumental in the development and needs for all species. The text stated, â€Å"Lichens play a part in the creation of soils from which plants can obtain nutrients. Like all living organisms, lichens need nutrients and energy to grow. Nutrients may be obtained from the air including dust, water, and from the substrateRead More What Are We Breathing? Essay2006 Words   |  9 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Poor air quality is the culprit for the consequences that are being suffered by many human and plant communities. Air pollution, smog, or acid rain; it may be called whatever you like, it is the effects that it is causing that are important. Although many people associate smog with Los Angeles, it is not the only area that has been effected by poor air quality. Many national parks, aquatic systems, and other populated areas are showing major signs of air pollutio n.Read MoreLichen Species Hang from Trees2259 Words   |  9 Pagesname for a collection of lichen species categorized in the family Parmeliaceae, which grow while hanging on tree branches and resemble greenish or green hair (Tilford, 1997). Usnea is often commonly known as Tree’s Dandruff, Tree Moss, Beard Lichen, Old Man’s Beard, and Woman’s Long Hair. Belonging to the fungus division Ascomycota, Usnea is a symbiotic combination of an algae and a fungus (Halonen, 2000). Usnea grows and thrives well across the globe. Because the lichen is often inconspicuous, manyRead MoreEssay on The Speckled Band and The Man with the Twisted Lip1580 Words   |  7 Pageswhich Arthur Conan Doyle has chosen for his stories in The Speckled Band and The Man with the Twisted Lip. Consider the effects the writer has created and how they contribute to the atmosphere. Arthur Conan Doyles character, Sherlock Holmes, lived in Victorian London during the 19th century. His perception of the streets is portrayed as a dark and isolated environment. The atmosphere was far from welcoming. The streets were overrun with crime, beggars and prostitutes. Through the denseRead MoreThe Versatility and Adaptation of Plants for Survival Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pagesare totally dependent on them. Even today with all our technology they continue to amaze us with their ability to inhabit places we humans could not survive, from the frozen Antarctic to the intensity of a volcanic spring, plants utilise their environments to their own advantage and evolve to survive the harshest of landscapes. A plant needs four basic things to survive, water, warmth, light and minerals and any place that can provide even a little of these essential needs, will be colonised byRead More Nitrogen as a Fertilizer, Nutrient, or Pollutant Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesNitrogen as a Fertilizer, Nutrient, or Pollutant Nitrogen can always be a fertilizer, nutrient, or pollutant depending on the circumstances and the environment it is in. As a fertilizer, nitrogen can be extremely useful in aiding the growth of many plants. As a nutrient, nitrogen is essential to many plants growth and survival. As a pollutant, nitrogen can not only affect the plant at the given time but be very detrimental many years down the road. No matter where you go nitrogen will alwaysRead MoreDiscuss the relative importance of physical and human factors in accounting for changes to vegetation over time within ecosystems in the British Isles1623 Words   |  7 Pagesthe succession from progressing any further and the climatic climax vegetation is never achieved, which in the UK are Oak, Hawthorne and Birch trees. This succession results in the development of an ecosystem. An ecosystem is a dynamic, stable environment which is composed of interacting and functioning biotic and abiotic components and can be of any size. The re can be composed of variety of successions, such as lithoseres in grassland and woodland areas for example the Isle of Aaron, psamoseres

Evolution Of Creationism And Creationism - 907 Words

Evolution and creationism The debate about whether evolution and creationism be taught in schools has existed for years. Some parents are allowing their religious beliefs hinder the education of their children. According to Phy-Olsen, â€Å"American students have lower scores in mathematics and the sciences than comparable students in other industrialized nations.†(9). Many people feel that science goes against religion and they don t want this taught in the schools. If you teach just evolution this will be offensive to the people who believe in creationism, likewise teaching just creationism would upset those who believe in the evolutionary theory. It would be in the best interest of all to teach both creationism and evolution in schools or neither at all, this would prove to be beneficial to students later on when pursuing a college degree and in the workforce. Evolutionary theory is a theory concluding that humans come from Apelike ancestors through a process of natural sel ection. In present day, this has never been proven. People argue that evolution is just a theory and has never been proven so it shouldn t be considered science because of the lack of proof. There is no scientific evidence to prove that evolution had occurred. Creationists against the teaching of evolution have tried to compare its arguments with the Bible and they were inconsistent. As Young explains: The theory of evolution disagrees with much that is written in theShow MoreRelatedThe And Evolution Between Creationism And Creationism1023 Words   |  5 Pages So what is the answer to how to present our students with the opportunity to make their own decisions? According to the laws and court decisions as of today, it is highly unlikely that Creationism will be granted equal time in the biology classroom any time soon. The Ohio standards for science include evolution as a core component mandating that biology teachers incorporate natural selection and the history of life on earth as part of the curriculum. One strategy, presented by the National CenterRead MoreEvolution Creationism2933 Words   |  12 PagesEvolution and Creationism Outline: Thesis: Acceptance of Creation is growing in spite of overwhelming evidence proving Evolution. I. Acceptance of Creation is growing in spite of overwhelming evidence proving Evolution There is no easy resolution for whats true and evolution or creationism. It is a complex topic with profound scientific, religious, educational, and criticism. How can a student or parent come to grips with this issue? Evolution vs. Creationism provides a badly needed, comprehensiveRead MoreEvolution Creationism Vs. Creationism924 Words   |  4 PagesAny point of contact with the scientific world in the 21st century will eventually lead one to the one of the most hotly contested topic in American education, that of evolution versus creationism. While the creationist point of view, as well as the evolutionary perspective, hosts a great variation of opinion amongst its supporters, Christianity is brought to the center stage time after time (Vuletic, 1994). Literal interpretation of the Book of Genesis’ account of creation falls contrary to theRead MoreThe Evolution Of Creationism And Evol ution1276 Words   |  6 PagesCreationism and Evolution is a heavily discussed topic all over the world, sparking controversy on every turn. Whether humanity evolved from monkeys over time or was created instantly by an almighty God; that has been the debate between creationist and scientist since Charles Darwin came forth with the evolution theory in the late eighteen-fifties. It’s hard to contest against the facts of science. Science tells us that the Earth was created relatively 4.5 billion years ago and life evolved fromRead MoreCreationism Vs. Evolution1130 Words   |  5 Pages Where do we come from? The creation of the world has been told through many different stories, and from a variety of religions across the world. The argument between evolution and creation has been debated back and forth for years. So how do we know which claim is correct? Has all life evolved from simple bacteria to all the species that appear today, or did life on earth begin with Gods creation of Adam from dust and his partner Eve from adam’s rib bone. As a child I grew up attending church everyRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution Of Creationism977 Words   |  4 PagesThe theory of evolution is at odds with the views of many religions, and many people want to allow a religious view of creationism to be taught in the public school system. The foundation of evolution is based upon the belief that the origin of all ordered complex systems, including living creatures, can be explained by natural laws without the initiation or intervention of God. A person who believes in the biblical model of creation is viewed by some non- believers as a naive, narrow-minded religiousRead MoreCreationism And Evolution Of School1957 Words   |  8 Pages Creationism and Evolution in school Almost every child has to go to school at some point in his or her life. â€Å"The legal age is between six and fifteen years old. Whether it is home school, private school, public school, or any other way of being taught, it is a law that you have to attend school until you are sixteen.† (Queensland Para 1) That is, unless you can prove to the State Department of Education that you should not be in school. What is taught in school applies to almost all AmericansRead More Evolution Vs. Creationism Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesEvolution vs. Creationism Abstract In the history of science vs. religion there have been no issues more intensely debated than evolution vs. creationism. The issue is passionately debated since the majority of evidence is in favor of evolution, but the creation point of view can never be proved wrong because of religious belief. Human creation breaks down into three simple beliefs; creation theory, naturalistic evolution theory, and theistic evolution theory. The complexities of all threeRead More Creationism vs. Evolution Essays1663 Words   |  7 PagesCreationism vs. Evolution This paper will focus on the huge controversy between Creationism and Evolution. I will provide two opposing viewpoints on this subject. First, the discussion will focus on the question of why many people believe that God created the universe and all living things. On the other end of the spectrum, scientific information will be presented that substantiates the evidence against the existence of God. This creationism counter-argument known as evolution has itsRead More Evolution vs. Creationism Essay917 Words   |  4 Pages Evolution vs. Creationism The Evolution vs. Creationism controversy goes all the way back to the Publishing of Origin of Species in 1859 by Darwin laying the foundation for the evolution of life to be understood. Scientists are continuously finding more evidence to support Darwin’s conclusion; that organisms descended from a common ancestor modified by the mechanism of natural selection resulting in the evolution of species adapting to their environment. The following are the main geological topics

Frosts Use of Simple Everday subjects Essay Example For Students

Frosts Use of Simple Everday subjects Essay Robert Frost is a poet of genius because he could so often make his subtleties inextricable from an apparent availability. (Poirier p. x) Frost uses simple everyday subjects such as nature, man, and home to get his point across in his poetry. Robert Frost was born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco California. His father, William Prescott Frost, was a journalist who worked for the Daily Evening Post in San Francisco. His mother, Isabelle Moodie Frost, came into the United State when she was 12 years old. Frost was born a year after his parents had gotten married. After Frosts father had died in 1885, he moved with his family to New England where he attended Lawrence High School. Frost had published several poems in the school magazine and was named class poet. (Bloom p.12) He graduated in 1892, sharing valedictorian honors with Elinor White, to whom he became engaged. (Bloom p. 12) Frost then went onto Dartmouth College, he ended up dropping out of school after one semester. He instead pursued a variety of jobs, including teaching at his mothers private school and working in a textile mill. In 1894 he published a few poems in The Independent and began corresponding with its literary editor. (Bloom p.12) In December 1895 he married Elinor. In the early years of there marriage, Frost attended Harvard as a special student but withdrew in 1899 and took up poultry farming to support his growing family. The Frosts family life, often strained by emotional and financial anxieties, was marked by a series of tragedies. Their first child, Elliott, died of cholera at age three. Another child, Elinor Bettina, died two days after birth. Of the four children who lived to adulthood, Frosts daughter Marjorie died of childbed fever at age 29, and his son Carol committed suicide at age 39. Another daughter, Irma, had to be institutionalized for mental illness, as did Frosts sister Jeanie. (Bloom p.13) Frost moved with his family in 1912 to England so he could focus more on his poetry and book publication. A Boys Will was published by the London firm of David Nutt and Company in 1913, and was reviewed favorably by American poet and critic Ezra Pound, a highly influential figure in modernist letters. Nutt published Nor th of Boston a year later. (Bloom p. 13) As Frost was continuing to write poetry, he began to pursue what would be a life long career as a part-time college teacher. He and his family moved between teaching posts in New Hampshire, Vermont, and many other places. In the course of his lifetime, Frost was recognized with more than 17 honorary degrees from prestigious colleges and universities in the United States and England. He continued to write books of poetry, receiving the Pulitzer Prize and unprecedented four times. (Bloom p.14) Later in life Frost toured Europe, the Middle East, and South America as a cultural emissary and a personage. (Myers p.24) Frost was chosen in 1961 to read at President Kennedys inauguration, he read The Gift Outright. Frost died on January 29,1963, just 2 years after reading at the presidents inauguration. He was said to be the most famous American poet and also the most popular of his time. If a reader, even the most superficial takes anything at all from Frosts poems, it is likely to be a memorable impression created by the overwhelming presence of nature. (Gerber p.131) Frost visualizes man always cradled within nature, totally immersed in environment. (Gerber p.132) Frosts views of nature does possess a persistent ethical or metaphysical dimension of very substantial importance in any examination of Frosts work or of the values expressed in that work. (Nitchie p.5) This is saying that Frost basically tends to pull away from the statements of a theory of nature, or mans relationship. Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, is said by many people to be one of Frosts most famous poems. He himself always offered it as the prime example of his commitment to convention. (Gerber p. 85) Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening the pressure of distant responsibilities, referred to in abstract terms, prevents the speaker from lingering to contemplate a sensuously appealing landscape near at hand. In his longing for the darkness and sleep represented by the lovely woods swept by easy wind and downy flake, he seems to look forward to the final rest that succeeds all engagements with reality. (Gerber p.76) Whose woods these are I think I know suggests that is a poem concerned with ownership and does not choose to care even about owning himself. The terrifying lightness of sight and sound leads the speaker to contemplate the woods as lovely, dark, and deep, a desire to lose himself in this self-annihilating scene. (Bloom p.64) The woods are lovely, dark and deep,This rejects natures impersonal plea in favor of purpose, the last verse refuses to imply whatever such purpose is self produced and determinedBibliography:

Mia Hamm Essay Example

Mia Hamm Paper Kelsey Williams Period 3 Gym 15 October 2012 Mia Hamm Mariel Margaret Hamm, otherwise known as Mia Hamm, was born in Selma, Alabama on March 17th, 1972. Mia Hamms brother recalls that she was extremely athletic even back then and that she would often compete with the other boys on the block in childhood games, often winning them. But earlier on, Mia Hamm had some problems with her legs, she was born with a partial clubfoot. This meant that she had to wear casts on her feet to correct this problem. Fortunately, the casts had a visible effect and Mia Hamm would soon fully recover. Throughout Mia Hamms childhood, she had to move a lot, because her father was in the Air Force. Once, her and her family went to Italy and it is there that Mia saw exactly what soccer is about. The Italians passion for soccer triggered an interest in soccer, when she was just 6 years old. After moving to Texas, she immediately picked up the sport and started playing for a local womens soccer youth club. | Unlike most other players that have to go through certain steps during their childhood, Mia Hamms career had a jump start at a very early age. With Mia dominating the youth competitions of womens soccer in Texas, it was only natural that she ended up in the spotlight of the United States national team staff. However, at age 14, she wasnt ready for that big of a leap, yet. One of the less known facts about Mia Hamm is that she also enjoyed watching and playing football. This helped her later on in her soccer career, increasing her strength, structure and aggressive spirit. We will write a custom essay sample on Mia Hamm specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mia Hamm specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mia Hamm specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Age 15, Mia Hamm moved to northern Virginia, where she would attend the Lake Braddock Secondary school; living with her uncle. She kept on playing soccer and one day, an impressive phone call got the young girl cheering throughout the house. She was called for the senior United States womens soccer team, becoming the youngest player in history to play on it. Fortunately, she did have a good constitution that allowed her to physically survive the difficulties of senior professional soccer at that level. Although she would not play much during her first few years on the team, those times were extremely important in her adaptation process. By the time Mia was seventeen, she already felt right at home on the United States squad and managed to score her first goal for the team, in a match against Canada. After finishing high school, Mia Hamm was already on her way to success, now constantly being called up to the national team. She started playing regularly. However, she chose to follow a University as well; the University of North Carolina. She began playing for the University of North Carolina’s women soccer team, the Tar Heels, and lead them to a string of four straight national titles, in addition to being the team and the leagues all-time top scorer. | In 1991, she put her time with the University of North Carolina on hold. She was being called for her first World Cup, held in China. The United States team was put in a tough group against Brazil, Japan and Sweden. In their first match against Sweden, Mia Hamm managed a crucial 62 minute goal, and the USA team won 3-2. She had scored the winning goal. Their next match, against Brazil saw a wild United States Team with Mia Hamm as the MVP of the match, beating Brazil 5-0. In the last group match, against Japan, the United States womens soccer team beat Japan, 3-0. Coming back to the UNC, Mia Hamm was greeted as a hero and was soon given the nickname Jordan, as a reference to another North Carolina athlete of international fame, Michael Jordan. By that time, Mia Hamm, a soccer player that started out in a small Texas youth club, was already a World Champion at age twenty and had a wonderful career in front of her. When she finished studying at the University, Hamm focused merely on the US national squad, participating in the 1995 World Cup, where the United States ended up third. A moment bound to be remembered from that World Cup was when Mia Hamm went on to play as a goalkeeper, with no one left to play on this position. Despite the United States losing the title and the final, Mia Hamm was voted the Most Valuable Player of the World Cup. One year later, at the 1996 Olympic Games, Mia suffered an ankle injury that kept her off the field for a match, but she was able to recover for the final game, played against China. Hamm contributed decisively to the winning goal, her shot coming off the bar, only to be plunged back in the net by Shannon MacMillan. The United States had gotten another gold medal. Months before the World Cup started, Mia Hamm had already broken the record for most international goals scored by a male or female soccer player, hitting the net for the 108th time in a match against Brazil. Mia Hamms seventeen years with the United States squad brought her a lot of trophies and success. This included two World Cups, two World Cup bronze medals, two Olympic gold medals, and a silver medal. Mia Hamm also won the FIFA Womens Soccer Player of the Year twice, in 2001 and 2002. She currently holds the record for most international goals scored by a player, male or female, with an impressive amount of 158 goals. Mia was one of the only 2 women named on Peles 125 Best Soccer Players of All Times, next to USA national team colleague, Michelle Akers. Mia retired from soccer in 2004 at the age of 32, to start a family.